AI timeline

Key moments in AI, newest first, including deadlines still to come. Every event links to the entry and its sources.

2028

  1. High-risk rules for AI in regulated products (Annex I), such as toys and medical devices, are scheduled to apply. EU AI Act →

  2. Capture-device makers must offer provenance disclosures by default. California AI Transparency Act →

2027

  1. High-risk rules for stand-alone systems (Annex III), such as hiring, education and credit, are scheduled to apply. EU AI Act →

  2. Large online platforms and generative AI hosting platforms must detect and display provenance data. California AI Transparency Act →

2026

  1. New bans on AI that generates child sexual abuse material or non-consensual intimate imagery are scheduled to apply. EU AI Act →

  2. The California AI Transparency Act becomes operative. California AI Transparency Act →

  3. Transparency duties (Article 50), including disclosure of deepfakes and AI chatbots, apply. EU AI Act →

  4. The Digital Omnibus on AI enters into force, delaying high-risk deadlines. EU AI Act →

2025

  1. OpenAI completes its recapitalization: the nonprofit becomes the OpenAI Foundation and the for-profit becomes OpenAI Group PBC. OpenAI →

  2. AB 853 is signed, moving the operative date to August 2, 2026 and expanding the law. California AI Transparency Act →

  3. Obligations for general-purpose AI models start to apply. EU AI Act →

  4. The AI Act’s bans on prohibited AI practices start to apply. EU AI Act →

2024

  1. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper share the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for AlphaFold’s protein structure prediction. Google DeepMind →

  2. California enacts SB 942, the California AI Transparency Act. California AI Transparency Act →

  3. The EU AI Act enters into force. EU AI Act →

  4. Google renames Bard to Gemini. Gemini →

2023

  1. Google introduces the Gemini family of AI models. Gemini →

  2. Microsoft renames Bing Chat to Microsoft Copilot. Microsoft Copilot →

  3. Google merges DeepMind and Google Brain into a single unit called Google DeepMind. Google DeepMind →

  4. Mistral AI is founded in Paris by Arthur Mensch, Guillaume Lample and Timothée Lacroix. Mistral AI →

  5. Anthropic releases its first Claude model to the public. Anthropic →

  6. Anthropic releases Claude to the public. Claude →

  7. Google opens access to Bard, its AI chatbot. Gemini →

  8. Microsoft launches an AI chat experience in Bing and Edge, known as Bing Chat. Microsoft Copilot →

2022

  1. OpenAI releases ChatGPT as a free research preview. ChatGPT →

  2. OpenAI launches ChatGPT as a free research preview. OpenAI →

2021

  1. Anthropic is founded by former OpenAI researchers including Dario and Daniela Amodei. Anthropic →

2017

  1. Google researchers publish “Attention Is All You Need”, introducing the transformer architecture used by today’s LLMs. Large language model (LLM) →

2015

  1. OpenAI is announced as a nonprofit AI research lab. OpenAI →

2014

  1. Google acquires DeepMind. Google DeepMind →

2010

  1. DeepMind is founded in London. Google DeepMind →